Conus (Dendroconus) pyruloides (Pietro Doderlein, 1862 - Sacco, 1893)
Conus
(Dendroconus) eschewegi var. caelata (Doderlein, 1862 - Sacco, 1893)
Conus (Lautoconus) eschewegi ( Pereira da Costa, 1866)
Descrizione e caratteristiche:
Sacco, descrisse questa specie basandosi sugli esemplari originali del Doderlein ed afferma che questa specie si collega strettamente al C. berghausi(1), e la forma generale del Conus berghausi potrebbe dargli ragione (columella, scultura alla base, attacco dell’apertura….=; Muniz lo mette in relazione con il Conus eschewegi (2).
Alcuni esemplari giovani conservati al Museo geol. di Modena(*) erano identificati come C. nisus, specie recente, o come C. pyriformis (Doderlein) (1).
|
nomen nudum |
Gli esemplari giovani, che poco differiscono da quelli del D. Berghausi, erano determinati nella collezione del Museo geol. di Modena in parte come C. nisus D'Orb. ed in parte come C. pyriformis Doderline. |
[Rif. Reeve] |
|
|
|
Conus pyruloides (Doderline, 1863) |
Conus pyriformis (1) (Doderline) |
Conus pyriformis (Gabb, 1872) Santo Domingo |
Conus pyriformis (Sowerby, 1850) Inghilterra |
Conus pyriformis (Reeve, 1843) [Pl. XIII, n.70] |
|
|
||||
|
Conus
eschewegi (4) |
||||
|
|
||||
|
Conus piruloides MNHN.F.J08838 |
||||
|
|
||
|
Conus
eschewegi Tav.
XXIII [VI] Coll.
Doderlin 5533 Montegibbio – Tortoniano (8) |
||
|
|
|
|
Conus eschewegi - Conus calvus vel
caelatus
Tav.
XXIII [VI] Coll.
Doderlin 5555 Montegibbio
– Tortoniano (8) |
Conus
eschewegi - Conus calvus vel caelatus Tav.
XXIII [VI] Coll.
Doderlin 5591 Montegibbio – Tortoniano (8) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Conus eschewegi var.
caelata (1) Tav. I fig. 24 |
|
|
Lautoconus
eschewegi (4)
Revised description.
Medium-sized, pyriform shells; extraordinarily pointed, turreted early spire
(but poorly preserved in all specimens); later spire low conical to cyrtoconoid
with channelled suture; spiral whorls slightly convex; subsutural flexure very
shallow, weakly curved, moderately asymmetrical; shoulder strongly rounded,
slightly subangulate in fully grown shells. Last whorl elongate and conical,
constricted at base. Moderately long, broad and reflected siphonal canal;
aperture moderately wide, slightly widening anteriorly. Siphonal fasciole
swollen, strongly twisted, not well demarcated from base and straight, broad
inner lip. Few wavy spiral grooves on base demarcating broad spiral cords.
Colour pattern consisting of slightly irregularly spaced spirals formed by
short dashes and subquadratic dots; size of dots rather homogenous within a
spiral but may vary in size and density between spirals; sometimes two spirals
form a close-spaced pair with nearly amalgamating dots. Dots become axially
elongate on shoulder, rarely forming an inverted “Y”; narrow axially elongated
stripes on spire whorls.
Shell measurements and ratios. n = 7: largest
specimen: SL: 42.8 mm, MD: 23.8 mm, mean SL: 37.4 mm (σ = 3.5), mean MD: 20.8 mm (σ = 2.1), spire angle: µ = 113.3° (σ = 8.6°), last whorl angle: µ = 37.0° (σ = 1.4°), LW: µ = 1.8 (σ = 0.04), RD: µ = 0.63 (σ = 0.01),
PMD: µ = 0.86 (σ = 0.01),
RSH: µ = 0.12 (σ = 0.03).
Discussion. Tucker & Tenorio (2009) proposed a
placement of this species in Lautoconus Monterosato, 1923. The completely smooth spire whorls, which lack any
sculpture even on earliest teleoconch whorls and the mode of siphonal canal
formation would perfectly fit in Varioconus da Motta, 1991, which however is currently considered to be a junior
synonym of Lautoconus ( Puillandre et al. 2014a, b).
Hoernes & Auinger (1979) illustrated three shells
as “ Dendroconus subraristriatus ”, which represent three different species, of which
none is conspecific with Lautoconus subraristriatus (Pereira da Costa, 1866). The reason for uniting these
different morphologies in a single species was the superficial similarity in
colour patterns and the also much too broad species concept of Pereira da Costa
(1866) (see Landau et al. 2013 and discussion of Lautoconus subraristriatus).
The original description of Lautoconus eschewegi (Pereira da Costa, 1866) united several morphotypes,
which are most probably not conspecific. Therefore, Sacco (1893a) designated the slender, pyriform specimen
illustrated by Pereira da Costa (1866, fig. 23) as type of this species. This species was also described
as Conus pyruloides Sacco, 1893, from the late
Miocene of Italy, which was considered to be a junior synonym of L. eschewegi by Hall (1966) and Davoli (1972). In the material from Letkés in the collection of the
NHMWAbout NHMW, this species is easily recognised under UV light by
its conspicuous and intense colour pattern. This also allows the
identification of subadult shells, which have a weaker siphonal fasciole,
shorter siphonal canal and an evenly rounded shoulder. Therefore, we
consider the specimens identified by Kovács & Vicián (2013) as Lautoconus
belus (d’Orbigny, 1852) and L. pyrula ( Brocchi, 1814) to represent different morphotypes and growth stages of L. eschewegi. Moreover, Lautoconus belus sensu Hall (1966, pl. 22, figs 15–16)and Muńiz-Solís (1999, figs 7A–B) differs from the
Paratethyan species in its broader outline, better defined shoulder and the
conspicuous spiral sculpture on the last whorl and L. pyrula has a strong spiral sculpture on the base, a much
weaker fasciole and a well-defined shoulder.
Muńiz-Solís (1999) described Conus eschewegi from the lower upper Pliocene of Estepona. These
specimens develop a comparatively broad conical last whorl and are most
probably not conspecific with L. eschewegi. The superficially similar Kalloconus fuscocingulatus (Hörnes, 1851) differs in the colour pattern of continuous spirals
and the tuberculate spire whorls.
Paleoenvironment. Probably shallow marine environments
based on the coral-associated assemblages at species Letkés in Hungary ( Kovács
& Vicián 2013).
Distribution in Paratethys. Badenian (middle Miocene):
Transylvanian Basin: Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania); Pannonian Basin: Pannonian
Basin: Várpalota, Letkés ( Hungary) ( Szalay 1926; Kovács & Vicián 2013).
Proto-Mediterranean Sea and northeastern Atlantic. Tortonian:
Cacela Basin: Cacela Velha (Portugal) (Pereira da Costa 1866); Sant'Agata
Fossili, Stazzano, Montegibbio (Po Basin, Italy) ( Sacco, 1893a; Davoli 1972);
Casa Nova Calises, Forlě (Apennines, Italy) ( Ruggieri & Davoli 1984);
Messinian: Borelli (Turin Hills) ( Davoli 2003). The early Pliocene occurrences from Vezza d’Alba and Asti (Po Basin,
Italy) need confirmation ( Davoli 1972).
Distribuzione:
Tortoniano (1)
(*) Museo di Paleontologia di Modena:
Collezioni Doderlein – Coppi – Pantanelli - Foresti
(**) Conus
hornesi (Doderlein)
|
|
|
|
|
Conus pyruloides (1) |
Conus pyruloides var. planacutispira (1) |
Conus raristriatus (Plate 1 fig. 20) (6) Identificazione sbagliata: Conus eschewegi (Pereira Da
Costa, 1866) |
|
Toscana
|
|
|
|
|
|
Conus pyruloides Linari – Pliocene Medio [La colorazione richiama da vicino quella del Conus eschewegi] |
Conus pyruloides Montegibbio – Tortoniano (8) (Nathan Quickfinger) Le indicazioni
ecologie le deducibili da questo studio confermano la presenza di un ambiente
temperato caldo o addirittura caldo, e sembrano indicare una debole
profonditŕ delle acque (l'ambiente ottimale per i Conus va da 0 a —30
metri) (8) |
|
|
|
|
Conus pyruloides mm. 23 X 13 Montegibbio – Tortoniano (8) (Stefano Granelli) |
|
|
|
|
|
Conus sp.(5) San Antonio (Ibiza) |
Conus aff. piruloides coll. Peyrot Salles - Largileyre (pag. 99 – Pl. II
fig. 3,7,8) (Peyrot – Conchologie
néogénique de l’Aquitaine) La spira č concava. Il nome č stato scritto proprio cosě: piruloides |
|
|
||
|
Conus pyruloides mm. 25,5 x 15,1 (Miocene - Serravaliano –
Gironde - Francia) [AZFC N. 252-05] |
||
|
|
|
|
|
Conus pyruloides mm. 23,2 x 13,2 (Miocene - Serravaliano –
Gironde - Francia) [AZFC N. 475-02] |
Conus pyruloides mm. 26,0 x 14,75 (Miocene - Serravaliano –
Gironde - Francia) [AZFC N. 475-03] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Conus
pyruloides mm. 24,5 x 14,6 Miocene Signa – Italia [AZFC N. 475-01] |
||
|
|
||
Conus (Lautoconus) eschewegi ( Pereira da Costa, 1866)
|
|
|
|
|
Lautoconus eschewegi |
Lautoconus eschewegi (3) |
Conus
sp. (5) San
Antonio - Ibiza |
|
Portogallo |
||||||||||
|
|
||||||||||
|
Lautoconus
eschewegi (Pereira da Costa, 1866) [AZFC 465-01] -
[ 21,1 x 12,5 mm.] Messiniano
- Miocene – Cacela Velha, Algarve [v.
Conus eschewegi daedalma ] |
|
|||||||||
|
|
||||||||||
|
|
Lautoconus
eschewegi (Pereira da Costa, 1866) [AZFC 465-02] -
[ 19,4 x 11,1 mm.] Messiniano
- Miocene – Cacela Velha, Algarve [v.
Conus eschewegi daedalma ] |
|
||||||||
|
Francia |
|
|
|
Conus pyruloides
mm. 37,7 x 21,2 Serravaliano – Gironde (Francia) [AZFC 465-14] |
|
Marocco |
|
|
|
|
|
Lautoconus
eschewegi (4) Letkes
(Ungheria) |
Lautoconus
eschewegi (Pereira da Costa, 1866) mm.
30,4 x 17,3 Pliocene
– Tetuan [AZFC
465-03] |
|
|
|
|
|
Conus eschewegi mm. 25,4 x 14,5 Pliocene - Tetuan
(Marocco) [AZFC N. 465-04] |
|
Ungheria |
|
|
|
|
|
Conus eschewegi mm. 28,7 x 16,4 Miocene (Badeniano) – Letkes - Ungheria [AZFC N. 465-05] |
Conus eschewegi mm. 37,3 x 21,4 Miocene (Badeniano) – Letkes - Ungheria [AZFC N. 465-06] Sull’ultimo giro si nota la doppia fila spirale di puntini
colorati, anche se non molto evidente. |
|
|
|
|
Conus eschewegi mm. 29,5 x 17,7 Miocene (Badeniano) – Letkes - Ungheria [AZFC N. 465-07] |
|
|
|
|
|
Conus eschewegi mm. 24,7 x 13,8 Miocene (Badeniano) – Letkes - Ungheria [AZFC N. 465-08] |
Conus eschewegi mm. 21,7 x 11,4 Miocene (Badeniano) – Letkes - Ungheria [AZFC N. 465-09] |
|
|
|
|
Conus eschewegi mm. 18,0 x 9,3 Miocene (Badeniano) – Letkes - Ungheria [AZFC N. 465-10] |
Conus eschewegi mm. 43,1 x 24,0 Miocene (Badeniano) – Letkes - Ungheria [AZFC N. 465-11] |
|
|
|
|
Conus eschewegi mm. 27,1 x 16,0 Miocene (Badeniano) – Letkes - Ungheria [AZFC N. 465-12] Piccolo, ma con il labbro quasi perfetto. |
Conus eschewegi mm. 18,6 x 10,2 Miocene (Badeniano) – Letkes - Ungheria [AZFC N. 465-13] |
Creta
|
|
|
|
Fig.
2. Conus (Lautoconus) eschewegi
Pereira da Costa, 1866 (7) from the Tortonian of Crete (Greece) on apertural and abapertural views, under UV light, displaying morphological and colour pattern
variations. The Greek specimens differ in
the relatively higher spire whorls, a more inflated last whorl, straight
aperture, as well as a shallower and less curved subsutural flexure. A.
Specimen MNHN.F.A82973, Crete. B.
Specimen MNHN.F.A82974, Crete. C. Specimen AMPG(IV) 3702, Filippi. D.
Specimen MNHN.F.A82980, Crete. E. Specimen MNHN.F.A82981. F.
Specimen MNHN.FA82978, Crete. G.
Specimen AMPG(IV) 3711, Tefeli. H. Specimen AMPG(IV) 3706, Filippi. Scale
bar = 1 cm. |
|
|
|
mm. 34,2 x 19,9 Rethymno a 800 m. s.l.m. – Creta [AZFC
N. 465-14] Visibili
linee trasversali costituite da trattini rossastri |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Conus
eschewegi
mm. 43,1 x 24,0 Miocene (Badeniano) Letkes - Ungheria [AZFC N. 465-11] |
Conus
eschewegi (4) NHMW 1858/0043/0007 mm. 42,8 x 23,8 Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania) specimen illustrated in Hoernes & Auinger (1879,
pl. 1, fig. 20)
|
Conus eschewegi (3)
mm. 41,5 Nemeşeşti
(Romania) |
Conus eschewegi (4) mm. 39,9 x 22,9 NHMW 1858/ 0043/0007 Lăpugiu de Sus
(Romania) |
Conus eschewegi mm. 37,3 x 21,4 Miocene (Badeniano) Letkes - Ungheria [AZFC N. 465-05] |
Conus
eschewegi (4) NHMW 2016/0007/0001b mm. 32,6 x 18,7 Letkes
(Hungary) |
Conus eschewegi
mm. 30,4 x 17,3 Pliocene – Tetuan [AZFC 465-03] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Conus eschewegi mm. 29,5 x 17,7 Miocene (Badeniano) Letkes - Ungheria [AZFC N. 465-07] |
Conus eschewegi (3)
mm. 29 Lăpugiu |
Conus eschewegi mm. 28,7 x 16,4 Miocene (Badeniano) Letkes - Ungheria [AZFC N. 465-05] |
Conus eschewegi mm. 27,1 x 16,0 Miocene (Badeniano) Letkes - Ungheria [AZFC N. 465-12] |
Conus pyruloides mm. 26,0 x 14,75 Serravaliano Gironde – Francia [AZFC N. 475-03] |
Conus pyruloides mm. 25,5 x 15,1 Miocene Gironde - Francia [AZFC N. 252-05] |
Conus eschewegi mm. 25,4 x 14,5 Pliocene - Tetuan
(Marocco) [AZFC N. 465-04] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Conus eschewegi mm. 24,7 x 13,8 Miocene (Badeniano) Letkes - Ungheria [AZFC N. 465-08] |
Conus
pyruloides mm. 24,5 x 14,6 Miocene – Signa Italia [AZFC N. 475-01] |
Conus pyruloides mm. 23,2 x 13,2 Miocene - Gironde -
Francia [AZFC N. 475-02] |
Conus pyruloides mm. 23 x 13 Monte Gibbio |
Conus eschewegi mm. 21,7 x 11,4 Miocene (Badeniano) Letkes - Ungheria [AZFC N. 465-09] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Conus eschewegi mm. 21,1 x 12,5 Miocene – Cacela [AZFC 465-01] |
Conus eschewegi mm. 19,4 x 11,1 Miocene – Cacela [AZFC 465-02] |
Conus eschewegi mm. 18,6 x 10,2 Miocene (Badeniano) Letkes - Ungheria [AZFC N. 465-13] |
Conus eschewegi mm. 18,0 x 9,3 Miocene (Badeniano) Letkes - Ungheria [AZFC N. 465-10] |
|
|
Bibliografia Consultata
- (1) - F. Sacco (1893) “I molluschi dei
terreni terziarii del Piemonte e della Liguria – Parte XIII – Conidae -
Fascicolo primo”, Torino, Carlo Clausen Libraio della R. Accademia delle
Scienze
- (2) - Rafael MUŃIZ SOLÍS”El género
Conus (Gastropoda, Neogastropoda) del Plioceno de Estepona (Málaga,
Espańa)” - Sociedad Espańola de Malacología Iberus, 17 (1): 31-90, 1999
- (3)
- Zoltán Kovács & Péter Balázs (2016) “ Conidae (Neogastropoda)
assemblage from the Middle Miocene of the Făget Basin (Romania) in
the collection of the Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest“
- (4) - Harzhauser, Mathias & Landau, Bernard, 2016, A revision of the
Neogene Conidae and Conorbidae (Gastropoda) of the Paratethys Sea, Zootaxa
4210 (1), pp. 1-178: 106-108 Lautoconus
eschewegi
- (5) - https://bioportal.naturalis.nl/multimedia/RMNH.MOL.221847_0/genusOrMonomial=Conus&genusOrMonomialOperator=EQUALS&subgenus=&subgenusOperator=EQUALS&specificEpithet=ventricosus&specificEpithetOperator=EQUALS&infraspecificEpithet=&infraspecificEpithetOperator=EQUALS&logicalOperator=AND&from=86&referrer=dGVybT1jb251cyZmcm9tPTk5JnNpemU9MTAw
·
(8)
- Davoli (1972) “Conidae (Gastropoda) Studi monografici sulla malacologia
miocenica modenese, Parte I. I molluschi tortoniani di Montegibbio.
Palaeontographia Italica, V. 68: 51-143.”