Conus trailli (Hutton, 1873)
Conus huttoni (Tate,
1890)
Conospirus
bimutatus (Finlay, 1924)
Conus ornatus
(Hutton, 1873)
Description.
69. C.
ornatus, sp. nov. Whorls smooth, with a row of small nodules on the keel, crossed
by two or three spiral lines ; a few spiral stria: at the anterior end of
the body whorl. Axis, .8 ; breadth, .3.
Localities.-
Awamoa (2).
70. C.
trailli, sp. nov. Spire whorls smooth, angled; body whorl faintly
distantly irregularly spirally striated. Axis, .9 ; breadth, .43.
Localities.-Awamoa
(2).
Hutton (1873. p. 10) gave brief
diagnoses (without illustrations) of two species of fossil cones (Conus
ornatus and Conus trailli) from "Awamoa". a locality-that refers to the Altonian siltstones and
shell beds exposed along the banks and, on occasion, at the mouth of Awamoa
Crek, North Otago.
Tate (1890, p. 189) noted that Conus trailli Hutton was
preoccupied by "C. Traillii Adams", and proposed the
replacement name Conus huttoni, but since this nomenclatural change was
included in a paper on Australian Cenozoic mollusks, it was overlooked by New
Zealand workers for nearly 40 years.
In the meantime. Suter (1914. p. 31) redescribed both species and figured the type specimens, using rather idealised pencil drawings originally
made by John Buchanan under the
direction of Sir James Hector. He referred ornatus to Conospira (as
a subgenus of Conus) and trailli to
Hemiconus, noting that there was a prior Conus ornatus Michelotti,
but since he considered Michelotti's species lo be a Hemiconus he
thought Hutton's name could stand.
Somewhat later Suter had occasion
to examine some cones collected by James Park from Pukeuri, North Otago
(Altonian), and on the basis of the variation in strength of the peripheral
nodules concluded that C. ornatus and C. trailli were synonyms
(Suter 1917, p. 84). Suter decided to use the name ornatus, which has page
priority, and—apparently overlooking his earlier statement about Conus
ornatus Michelotti— referred Hutton's species to Hemiconus.
Finlay (1924a, p. 105) pointed out
that since Conus ornatus Button is preocuppied by Michelotti's name, C.
trailli should be used instead, assuming that the two Mutton names refer to
the same species. Shortly afterwards Finlay (!924b, p. 498, footnote)
discovered that Conus trailli Hutton was preoccupied by C. trailli A.
Adams, 1855, and therefore introduced the new replacement name Conospira (misspelt Cenospira) bimutata.
In yet
another paper, Finlay
(1927, p. 518-19) drew attention to Tale's much earlier replacement name for Conus
trailli Hutton and transferred it to genus Conospira. Later workers
have changed the generic name to Conospirus (Marwick 1931. p. 132) and Conilithes
(Fleming 1966a, p. 70), but for some 45 years the specific epithet huttoni
has been used, in one combination or the other, for the rather elegant
cone that is so characteristic of Altonian faunas in North Otago and South
Canterbury.
My own work suggests that (1):
(a)
Conus
ornatus Hutton and C.
trailli Hutton are distinct taxa;
(b)
C.
trailli (= C. huttoni)
is so far known only from the holotype; (c) since both Conus huttoni and
Conospira bimutata were proposed as replacement names for C. trailli,
the common 'Awamoan' cone is without a name
Conus
ornatus (4)
Conus
(Conospira) ornatus
Hutton. Plate II, fig. 14 ; Plate XVII, fig, 7. 1873.
Conus
ornatus Htitton, Cat. Tert. Moll., p. 10. 1887. „ „ Hutton, P.L.S. N.S.W. (2),
vol. i, p. 212.
Shell
small, biconic, spire elevated, with small nodules on the keels, the greater part
of the body-whorl smooth. Sculpture : Protoconch smooth, the following whorls with
a broad shoulder, the keel below the middle of the whorl, ornamented with numerous
small nodules, crossed by a few spiral linear grooves ; body-whorl with about 8
oblique cinguli. Spire conical, about half the length of the aperture, angle
about 65°.
Protoconch
subulate, consisting of 3 convex whorls. Whorls 8 to 9, slowly increasing, the shoulder
slightly concave ; body-whorl an inverted cone. Suture but little impressed. Aperture
high and narrow, oblique, the margins parallel, truncated at the base. Outer lip
almost straight, sharp, angled above. Columella oblique, very slightly convex, with
a distinct spiral groove above.
Height,
20 mm. ; diameter, 8 mm. (type).
Type in
the collection of the New Zealand Geological Survey.
Loc. —
Awamoa, South Island. Miocene.
Remarks.
— There is a Conus ornatus Michelotti, which, however, belongs to the genus
Hemiconus Cossmann, 1889.
Conus
trailli (4)
Hemiconus
trailli (Hutton). Plate II, fig. 15, a, b. , 1873.
Conus
trailli Hutton, Cat. Tert. MoU., p. 10. 1887. „ „ Hutton, P.L.S. N.S.W. (2), vol. i, p.
212.
Shell small, biconic, with raised scalar
spire, subnodose keels, and irregular spiral grooves on the body-whorl.
Sculpture : Protoconch smooth, succeeding whorls with curved retrocurrent
growth-lines upon the shoulder, which are obliquely slightly ante-current on
the body-whorl ; the keels are subnodulous, there are a few spiral lines below,
and the suture is plicated below ; body-whorl with distant, irregular, and but slightly
impressed spiral grooves, deeper and closer together upon the base. Spire conoidal,
outlines scalar, straight, its height a little more than one-third the height
of the aperture, angle about 65°. Protoconch small, obtuse. Whorls about 8,
regularly and slowly increasing, the body-whorl large, inverted conical ;
spire-whorls with a broad shoulder, which is but very little concave, and the
distinct keel is at the lower third of the whorls. Suture but little impressed.
Aperture long and narrow, the margins subparallel, angled above. Outer lip lightly
convex, angled above, with a shallow sinus at the shoulder, sharp. Columella
oblilque, straight above, slightly twisted below ; there is no distinct groove
below the suture.
Height, 21 mm. ; diameter, 11 mm.
(imperfect type specimen). Height, 41 mm. ; diameter, 17 mm. (perfect
specimen).
Type in the collection of the New
Zealand (Teological Survey.
Loc. — Awamoa, South Island. Miocene.
Hutton, 1873 (2) |
Conus trailli (Hutton, 1873) |
Conus ornatus (Hutton, 1873) |
Two different species |
Tate, 1890 |
Conus trailli (Hutton) replaced by Conus huttoni |
|
Conus
trailli Hutton was preoccupied by
"C. Traillii Adams" |
Suter, 1914 |
Conus trailli became
Hemiconus trailli |
Conus ornatus became Conospira ornatus |
|
Suter, 1917 |
Conus ornatus synonym of Conus trailli Both named Conus ornatus |
|
|
Finlay, 1924a |
Conus ornatus preocuppied by Michelotti's name, so Both named Conus trailli |
|
|
Finlay, 1924b |
Conus trailli Hutton was preoccupied by C.
trailli A. Adams, so named both Conospirus
bimutatus |
|
|
Conus trailli = Conus huttoni (v. Tate, 1890) |
Conus ornatus now is without a name |
|
|
= Conus trailli Holotype
Altoniano
(Lower Miocene) Awamoa
– N. Ottago |
|
|
|
Holotype TM 5465 Altoniano
(Lower Miocene) New Zealand
Stage Altonian (17.5 - 16.5) |
Holotype TM 5447 Altoniano
(Lower Miocene) New Zealand
Stage Altonian (17.5 - 16.5) |
Hypotype TM 5477 Altoniano
(Lower Miocene) New Zealand
Stage Altonian (17.5 - 16.5) |
|
|
Conus huttoni
Auckland Museum MA48381 |
|
Middle Miocene (Balcomian 9-12 Ma) Fyansford Formation Australian Portland Cement Limited Quarry Batesford, Victoria, Australia [Andrea
Petri] |
Bibliografia Consultata